Essay on Discourse in A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man :: authoritative discourse portrait artist young man james joyce main character stephen dedalus struggles natural instincts bakhtin calls internally persuasive backed authority learned response reinforced religion sex drive wrong only succumbs learns such human bad thus he think own case considers sexual becomes urges result deny pretend nonexistent evidence relies senses portrait artist young man discourse portrait artist young man

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Authoritative Discourse in A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man

In James Joyce's A Portrait of An Artist As A Young Man, the main character, Stephen Dedalus, struggles between his natural instincts, or what Bakhtin calls the "internally persuasive discourse" that "[is not] backed up by [an] authority at all", and his learned response, reinforced by the "authoritative discourse" of religion. To Stephen's "internally persuasive discourse", his natural sex drive is not 'wrong'. It is only after he succumbs to the "authoritative discourse" of religion that he learns that such a natural human drive is 'bad'. Thus, he learns that it is wrong to succumb to sex: he does not think that it is bad on his own. In this case, the "authoritative discourse" that considers sexual drive to be 'bad' becomes Stephen's "internally persuasive discourse". He learns that his natural urges are wrong and, as a result, he learns to deny them and pretend them to be nonexistent. This is how the "authoritative discourse" becomes Stephen's "internally persuasive discourse".

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